Cylinder Head
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The
cylinder head bolts onto the top of the cylinder block where it forms
the top of the combustion chamber. It carries the valves and, in many
cases, the camshafts.
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Cylinder Head Design
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Cylinder
head combustion chambers are designed to help improve the swirl or
turbulence of the air-fuel mixture, and prevent fuel droplets settling
on the surfaces of the combustion chamber or cylinder walls.
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Diesel Combustion Chambers
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Direct-injection
diesels inject into the combustion chamber formed in the top of the
piston. For indirect injection, the combustion chamber is a separate
chamber formed in the head.
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Intake & Exhaust Passages
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Smaller
intake and exhaust passages and ports allow more torque at low engine
speeds. At high speeds, smaller passages restrict airflow. Larger
passages produce greater power at high engine speeds.
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Gaskets
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Gaskets
form a seal by being compressed between stationary parts where liquid
or gas could pass. Gaskets around a rotating part would quickly wear
out. Oil seals are used to seal these parts.
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Gaskets and Oil Seals
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Gaskets can be
made of soft materials such as cork or rubber, or they can be made of
soft alloys and metals. Most gaskets are made to be used only once. Oil
seals must also be replaced when a component is overhauled.
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Head Gaskets
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Head gaskets seal and contain the pressures of combustion within the engine, between the cylinder head and the block.
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| Turbulence |
Turbulence refers to the swirling motion of a liquid or a gas. |
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