Following the path the air would take, explain how the respiratory system works. The following words and concepts are primers for you that should be included in your answer (each properly-used term is worth one mark unless noted in brackets):

Lungs

Oxygen

Cells

Live

Functions

Carbon dioxide

Waste

(3) What would be a general rule indicating that the patient has adequate breathing?

Respiration

Patent

COPD

Edema

Asthma

Embolism

Thorax

Pleural space

Mediastinum

Heart

Trachea

Esophagus

Lobes

Nose

Mouth

Red blood cells

Larynx

Main-stem bronchi

Bronchi

Bronchioles

Alveoli

Gas exchange

Diffusion

Membrane

Diaphragm

Pulminary Respiration

Cellular Respiration

Oxygen

Capillaries

Ventilation

Pressure

Intercostal muscles

Ribs

Ribcage

Atmospheric pressure

(3) “see saw” breathing

What factors can decrease respiratory rate?

Lung capacity

Tidal volume

Hemothorax

Midbrain

Medulla oblongata

Pons centre

Spinal cord

Rate

Rhythm

Depth

Agonal respiration

Stimulus to breathe

Primary sensors

Secondary sensors

Phrenic nerve

Pulmonary artery

Alveolar sacs

Pulmonary vein

Blood plasma

Hemoglobin

Carbon monoxide

Hemorrhage

Ventilation/ perfusion mismatch

Hypoventilation

Hyperventilation

Respitory rate (adult, child, infant)

What factors can increase respiratory rate?

Dead air space

Alveolar volume

Expiratory reserve volume

Minute volume

Functional residual capacity

What are some causes of inadequate ventilation?

Hypoxia

Hypoxemia

What are signs of inadequate breathing?

Anoxia

Dyspnea

(3) What should you always remember?

What are signs on adequate breathing?

Cyanotic

Retractions above clavicles

Nasal flaring

Bronchial arteries

Pneumothorax

Complete the table using either exact or approximate percentages: